![]() To date, many non-invasive imaging methods for spatiotemporally tracking implanted cells in vivo have emerged, for example, fluorescent or luminescent labeling, radioactive labeling (for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission computed tomography (PET)), and paramagnetic labeling (for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). 3 How to conveniently track these bioengineered stem cells following implantation and monitoring their dynamic regenerative capacities remains a key hurdle towards their application in bone defect repair. 2 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely utilized in bone defect repair research due to their easy isolation procedure and established regenerative potential. 1 The emergence of bio-compatible 3D printing techniques allow high throughput fabrication of 3D scaffolds and complex tissue constructs to be used in customized bone tissue engineering and precision medicine. Stem cell-based bone tissue engineering has been suggested as a promising approach for reconstructing bone defects and may serve as an alternative to bone graft. ![]() Reconstruction of critical-sized bone defects remains a challenging procedure for orthopedic surgeon and causes a staggering financial burden on the healthcare system. ![]() ![]() In summary, BRET-based GpNLuc labeling is a robust, reliable, and inexpensive real-time cell tracking method, which offers a promising direction for the technological innovation of BLI and even non-invasive tracking systems, in the field of bone tissue engineering. In calvarial critical sized defect model, robust signal and the consistency in cell survival evaluation collectively supported BRET-based GpNLuc labeling as a reliable approach for non-invasively tracking MSC. Furthermore, a tight correlation between BLI signal and cell number highlighted the robust reliability of using BRET-based BLI. In scaffold-based 3D culture system, GpNLuc-rMSCs displayed robust bioluminescence signals with minimal background noise. In scaffold-free spheroid 3D culture system, using BRET-based GpNLuc labeling resulted in significantly better correlation to cell numbers than a fluorescence based approach. We labeled rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) with our in-house BRET-based GpNLuc reporter and evaluated the cell tracking efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. ![]() In the present study, we brought BRET-based cell tracking strategy into the field of bone tissue engineering for the first time. We recently adopted bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) principle to improve BLI cell tracking and generated the brightest bioluminescent signal known to date, which thus enables more sensitive real-time cell tracking at deep tissue level. All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALSÄ«ioluminescent imaging (BLI) has emerged as a popular in vivo tracking modality in bone regeneration studies stemming from its clear advantages: non-invasive, real-time, and inexpensive. ![]()
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